Eli Whitney Essay Research Paper By 1790 free essay sample

Eli Whitney Essay, Research Paper By 1790 servitude was on the reduction in America. Aside from baccy, rice, and a specific strain of cotton that could be developed simply in extremely not many topographic focuses, the South genuinely had no cash collect to trade. Tobacco was a land wastrel, expending the soil inside extremely barely any mature ages. Land was modest to the point that baccy estate proprietors neer tried to repossess the earth by reap revolving movement # 8212 ; they just discovered new land further west. Different harvests # 8212 ; rice, anil, maize, and some wheat # 8212 ; made for no incredible riches. Slaves cost something, non only to buy however to keep, and some Southern estate proprietors felt that conditions had arrived at a point where a slave # 8217 ; s work not, at this point gave for his consideration. Eli Whitney went toward the South in 1793, helpfully bounty, during the clasp when Southern ranch proprietors were in their most despondent yearss. In a little over a hebdomad, he began the greatest torrential slide of creation that any financial framework had ever experienced. The South would neer be the equivalent again. Eli Whitney was conceived on December 8, 1765 in Westboro, Massachusetts. The tall, substantial bore male youngster filled in as a smithy. He had an about common fear of components. On a machine made at place, he made nails, and at one clasp he was the solitary shaper of women # 8217 ; hatpins in the state. In his initial mid-twentiess, Whitney got resolved to go to Yale College. Since Yale was to a great extent a school for statute or heavenly nature, his folks protested. How could Yale College help increase his mechanical enrichments? At last, at 23 years old, Whitney turned into an understudy at Yale. By this clasp, he appeared to be about moderately aged to his classmates. After he graduated with his evaluation in 1792, he found that no occupations were accessible to a grown-up male with his enrichments. He at long last made due with guidance, and acknowledged an occupation as a mentor in South Carolina, his pay was guaranteed to be one hundred guineas a twelvemonth. He cruised on a touch of drifting bundle with just a couple of riders, among whom was the widow of the Revolutionary general, Nathanael Greene. The Greenes had settled in Savannah after the war. At the point when Whitney showed up in South Carolina, he found that the guaranteed wage was venturing out to be split. He non just would not have the spot, however chose to quit any pretense of learning all together. Providing to his with some timely help, Mrs. Greene welcomed him to her estate where he could understand statute, furthermore help out the ranch chief, Phineas Miller. Mill operator, a couple of mature ages more seasoned than Whitney, was a Yale alumna and the lady of the hour to-be of Mrs. Greene. Whitney acknowledged the offer. Over clasp Whitney got settled in, and one twenty-four hours while neighbors were sing the estate, their discussion tumbled to talking the awful occasions. There was no cash reap at all ; the solitary combination of cotton that would turn in that part was the for all intents and purposes futile green seed arrangement. Ten hours of manual work was expected to isolate one purpose of build up from three lbs of the little intense seeds. Until a machine could be worked to make the work, the green seed cotton was minimal superior to a weed. Getting their discussion, Mrs. Greene hopped in, # 8220 ; Gentlemen, apply to my juvenile companion, Mr. Whitney. He can do anything. # 8221 ; Phineas Miller and Mrs. Green encouraged Whitney to examine the method in which the cotton was cleaned, and check whether he could make a machine to make this work quicker and all the more speedily. Whitney found that the technique was extremely really shortsighted ; one manus held the seed while the different manus sifted through the little strands of build up. Whitney attempted to do a machine that about reflected this system. To take the topographic purpose of a manus keeping the seed, he made a sort of screen of wires extended lengthways. It took more time to do the wire than it did to string it ; the best possible kind of wire was nonexistent. To make crafted by the fingers which pulled out the build up, Whitney had a membranophone turn past the screen about contacting it. On the outside of the membranophone there were close to nothing, snare formed wires anticipating out that got the build up from the seed. The wires on the strainer kept the seeds down while the build up was pulled off. A coppice, which turned multiple times each piece quick as the membranophone, wiped off the build up from the maulers. That was all at that spot was to Whitney # 8217 ; s cotton gin. It neer turned out to be more confounded than that. An introduction of his first hypothetical record was given to a couple of companions. In one hr, he created what might for the most part be an entire twenty-four hours # 8217 ; s work for a few specialists. Without any than the guarantee that Whitney would patent the machine and do a couple of additional, the work powers who had seen the introduction in a split second arranged entire Fieldss to be planted with green seed cotton. Word got around the domain so rapidly that Whitney # 8217 ; s workshop was broken loosened and his machine analyzed. Inside a couple of hebdomads, more cotton was planted than Whitney could conceivable hold ginned in a twelvemonth of doing new machines. Before Whitney had a chance to complete his protected hypothetical record, the rashly profound attached cotton came to developing. With a harvest pressure on them, ranch proprietors had no clasp to hang tight for the lawful mulct focuses to be sifted through. The cotton gin was pilfered in a heart-beat. Whitney went into association with Miller. Whitney was to venture out north to New Haven, secure his patent, and get down creating machines, while Miller was to remain in the South and see that the machines were put. The companions # 8217 ; first program was that no machine was to be sold, yet introduced for a for each centum of the overall gain earned. Since they had no idea that cotton seting would take topographic point in such mass extents, they did non cognize that they were asking for an understanding that would pick up them 1000000s of dollars a twelvemonth. Mill operator # 8217 ; s thought was to take one lb of each three of cotton, yet the manor proprietors didn’t need to follow. By the clasp Whitney and Miller were happy to make due with straight-out deal or even a little eminence on each machine made by individual else, the whole of cash because of them was repulsive. He and Miller were presently significantly in the red and their solitary fall back was to go to council ; unfortunately, every court they could make a trip to was in cotton state. At last in 1801, eight mature ages after the cotton immersion began, Miller and Whitney were eager to agree to awards from cotton-developing areas and consequently, the cotton gin would be open effects inside each single territory limit. The two work powers were asking $ 100,000 from every region, except only one area made a counter proposal of a large portion of the asking financial worth. Despondently, Whitney acknowledged the money related estimation of $ 50,000 for which he simply got an initial installment of $ 20,000 and no more. The undermentioned twelvemonth, North Carolina tracked, however then again of the awards, it demanded an income upgrade on each gin in the region. This sum, less 6 percent for collection, went to Whitney and Miller ; this additional another $ 20,000 to the pot. Tennessee paid about $ 10,000, and at that spot was another $ 10,000 from different territories. The gross pay was $ 90,000, yet a large portion of this was owed for legitimate expenses and different disbursals. In 1803, the regions reviewed their understandings and sued Whitney for all the cash paid to him and his companion. That twelvemonth totally the cotton reap earned near ten million dollars for the manor proprietors. The financial estimation of slaves had multiplied, and work powers where not, at this point worried about the prosperity of others. At one finishing up exertion of reclamation, Whitney applied to the government Congress for lightening in 1804 and, by one voting form, was spared from whole ruin. This 39 twelvemonth old grown-up male had a useless patent, he was destitute, and the vast majority of the previous 10 mature ages had been squandered in courts. With no what other place to travel, he abandoned cotton, the cotton gin, and the South for eternity. Whitney came back to New Haven, with expectations of get bringing down new. He wasn # 8217 ; t sure from the outset which way he should travel, yet he was going to come in the non as celebrated, however most beneficial clasp of his life. Whitney changed the South in manners that no other grown-up male ever did. He was presently making a trip to change the North into a framework that is still in result today. Whitney was making a trip to get down and think up the framework that was to go known as the # 8220 ; American System of Manufacture. # 8221 ; This is the verifiable centrality of Eli Whitney. At this clasp, there was only a touch of sprinkling of talented mechanics. Whitney was extremely insightful of this, and continued to invent something that would end up being definitely more utile than some machine. He would think up an arrangement of manufacture that would let anybody to deliver top notch merchandise, no issue what aptitude degree. This framework was preeminent created with the manufacture of rifles. Whitney, without an individual plant, or even a machine, convinced the U.S. specialists to provide him a request for 10 thousand black powder guns at $ 13.40 every, all to be conveyed inside two mature ages. Simply a grown-up male with the situation of pioneer of the cotton gin could # 8217 ; ve convinced the specialists to do such a huge committedness. Originating from any other person with the exception of Eli Whitney, the proposition would # 8217 ; ve sounded crazy. Up until this clasp, each rifle was carefully assembled from stock to barrel. The pieces of one firearm were non exchangeable with some other weapon, and weren # 8217 ; t expected to be. Whitney # 8217 ; s program was to do all the pieces of his rifles about undefined with the goal that they could be tradable from

Gun-Control in Charlton Heston’s Is Freedom Lost on the Next Generation and Paul Craig Robert’s Unarmed and Unsafe :: Amendment Rights Essays Guns

Firearm Control in Charlton Heston’s Is Freedom Lost on the Next Generation and Paul Craig Robert’s Unarmed and Unsafe There are three different ways to move toward weapon control: first, it is the citizens’ protected option to possess guns; second, guns kill - dispose of them; and third, to have no feeling and not manage the issue. Whichever view individuals have on weapon control, they should initially comprehend the realities and insights of these issues. Charlton Heston’s â€Å"Is Freedom Lost on the Next Generation?† and Paul Craig Robert’s â€Å"Unarmed and Unsafe† both investigation the rival side of weapon control with realities and rationale. In Heston’s â€Å"Is Freedom Lost on the Next Generation,† he expounds on how â€Å"we might be losing the up and coming age of Americans, as they lose a comprehension and energy about what the Second Amendment is and does† (Heston 1). Heston utilizes the measurements from a June, 2000 national study of 1,500 secondary school understudies to show that the youthful grown-ups of America don't have confidence in the Constitution or Bill of Rights. He reports that â€Å"64 percent of secondary school understudies favor stricter enemy of weapon laws, 90 percent favor the permitting of handgun purchasers, 96 percent said all handguns ought to be enlisted at buy, and 19 percent of secondary school understudies don't accept that the Second Amendment ensures the option to possess a firearm†(Heston 1). Heston solicits how safe any from America’s opportunities are if 20% of secondary school understudies accept that the Bill of Rights doesn't mean what it says? Secondary schools use to have rifle groups alongside soccer and football crews, and now even toy firearms have the chance of being restricted. He makes reference to that having the option to claim a firearm doesn't mean a thing if such a large number of prerequisites, charges and limitations for all intents and purposes leave Americans incapacitated. Heston claims that being permitted to possess, or even use, a gun is a developing encounter for youngsters. He additionally specifies that the trust that goes connected at the hip with the firearm accomplishes more than show the affirmation of self-control and duty, it strengthens those excellencies better than nearly whatever else can. Heston contends that it is the American’s duty to keep up the privileges of weapon possession and give the cutting edge the equivalent freedoms(Heston 1-2) . In â€Å"Unarmed and Unsafe,† Roberts affirms the maxim â€Å"when weapons are prohibited, just bandits will have guns†(Roberts 2) He starts his article with the impacts of late firearm control in Britain.

Coach Carter

Abydos Passion Play is chiefly viewed as the primary play to ever be performed and portrayed as a strict custom or occasion. Zen Buddism is one for generally normal and notable Japanese Dada. It is the kung fu priests. The most effective method to peruse a Play as indicated by Aristotle you should have six sections so as to peruse a play. Character, plot, thought, music, phrasing and display. Visual deficiency as it is delineated in Oedipus Rex, connotes the numbness a character has (Oedipus was heedless to the pieces of information of his birth).The Noh Play Production is an intriguing Japanese creation that contains just male on-screen characters, and rotates around Zen Buddism. The Noah play is oversimplified as far as the structure, generally with petition and front-the middle of everyone's attention. It additionally includes melodic structure. Character * Physical * Socio-prudent * Psychological * Moral/Ethical Noah and his children is a play with major sensational structure. It was written in the medieval times, delineating the Great Food. Noah is the fundamental character of the play. As I would like to think the significant inquiry in this play is, will Noah satisfy God’s arranges on a predictable basis?He contended and battled with his better half consistently, they would never be on one accord, and have all the more great days then awful days regarding their marriage. His physical appearance in this play was around his 50s and 60s as far as age. He is acquainted in the play with be considered as an old, despite everything maturing 600 and a few years of age. He has a spouse and has youngsters. The socio-practical of this play Noah and his children is that they were devotees to Christ however actually never obeyed God particularly Noah he was obstinate and never tuned in to anyone.The Psychological point of view of this play is that Noah intellectually defied God in the entirety of his courses in orders. He additionally take steps to beat his be tter half, at that point as they play goes on he and his significant other concur quit battling and turn out to be as one as one. The good/moral point of view of this play is God. It’s easy to regard God and his requests. The flood just happened in light of the fact that the flood and the main way they were spared are a result of the Arc. Actually in the event that I was them I would consistently tune in to God, since noncompliance to God could prompt results. Mentor Carter Abydos Passion Play is for the most part viewed as the primary play to ever be performed and portrayed as a strict custom or occasion. Zen Buddism is one for generally normal and notable Japanese Dada. It is the kung fu priests. Instructions to peruse a Play as indicated by Aristotle you should have six sections so as to peruse a play. Character, plot, thought, music, word usage and display. Visual impairment as it is portrayed in Oedipus Rex, means the obliviousness a character has (Oedipus was incognizant in regards to the pieces of information of his birth).The Noh Play Production is an intriguing Japanese creation that contains just male entertainers, and rotates around Zen Buddism. The Noah play is exceptionally oversimplified as far as the plan, ordinarily with petition and front-the focal point of the audience. It likewise includes melodic structure. Character * Physical * Socio-efficient * Psychological * Moral/Ethical Noah and his children is a play with major emotional stru cture. It was written in the medieval times, portraying the Great Food. Noah is the primary character of the play. As I would see it the significant inquiry in this play is, will Noah satisfy God’s arranges on a steady basis?He contended and battled with his better half consistently, they would never be on one accord, and have all the more great days then awful days as far as their marriage. His physical appearance in this play was around his 50s and 60s regarding age. He is acquainted in the play with be considered as an old, despite everything maturing 600 and a few years of age. He has a spouse and has youngsters. The socio-practical of this play Noah and his children is that they were professors in Christ yet actually never obeyed God particularly Noah he was difficult and never tuned in to anyone.The Psychological point of view of this play is that Noah intellectually resisted God in the entirety of his courses in orders. He additionally take steps to beat his better hal f, at that point as they play goes on he and his significant other concur quit battling and turn out to be as one as one. The good/moral viewpoint of this play is God. It’s easy to regard God and his requests. The flood just happened in light of the fact that the flood and the main way they were spared are a result of the Arc. By and by in the event that I was them I would consistently tune in to God, since rebellion to God could prompt outcomes.

Autism Research - Free Essay Example

Part 1: Demographics Kendall, now 11 years old, was diagnosed at the age of 2 with Autism Spectrum Disorder at the moderate level. Kendall is a special education student at an elementary school and receives accommodations. Kendall cannot speak so she uses sign language to speak. Kendall lives in a middle class home with both parents and two siblings, Jackson-age 9 and Jordan-age 13. Kendall’s mother is a Respiratory Therapist in a private practice and her father is the Assistant Principal at an elementary school. Kendall is the first known diagnosed family member with Autism. Name of person you are interviewing: Dondrea Geter Name of individual with the disability: Kendall Geter Describe the disability: â€Å"Kendall’s pediatrician told us that Autism is a developmental delay disorder that affects the brain and that’s why she didn’t make eye contact with us when we called her name† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). Age of the individual with the disability: Kendall was diagnosed right before she turned 2, and now she is 11 years old† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). Describe the relationship between family members and the individual with the disability: â€Å"It’s ver y hard for my extended family to communicate with Kendall because they don’t understand her condition, so they tend to talk at her, sometimes. My wife and myself and her siblings have learned sign language so that we can communicate with her. At least we can half way understand what she wants or needs† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). Part 2: Questionnaire Interview How did you learn that Kendall has a disability? (Who was present? When did this happen?) If you were giving advice to professionals who need to explain to a parent that his/her child has a special need, what would that advice be? â€Å"My wife and I both noticed that when we would call Kendall’s name, she would not respond at all; it was as if she didn’t hear us and. We also noticed this when she was about 10 or 11 months. We just thought that she was busy watching television. She would stare at an object for a long time and when we would try to play with her, she would become easily agitated. We continued to watch her and more symptoms started to appear. So we decided to take her to the doctor to have her hearing tested. We thought maybe the reason she didn’t respond to us was because she couldn’t hear us. So we told the doctor about how she was acting and he suggested running other tests. He diagnosed her with Autism at 20 months, right before she turn ed 2. My advice to professionals would be to have compassion and patience with the parents and already have a game plan or suggestions about how to deal with a child who has Autism. Many people don’t know and/or understand this disorder. My wife and I were not prepared to hear that our child has not only a disability but also Autism. I also think that professionals should have resource available to give to parents about what the first step is after diagnosis. I, myself, know about Autism from an Educators standpoint but now I understand and can relate to the families of my students with disabilities. I now have a different perspective† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). How did you feel when you received the diagnosis? â€Å"I was relieved and overwhelmed at the same time. I was glad that we finally knew what was going on with Kendall and that she wasn’t deaf but wasn’t ready to hear that our child has Autism. After the shock of the news, I began to research and find resources in our area that we could turn to. I also begin researching a specialist that we could take her to, to be evaluated so that we could start early prevention. We wanted to make sure that she would have every opportunity at a normal childhood and educational opportunity available. We wanted to make sure that we would be able to communicate with her and that she could understand us† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). Have your feelings changed since the initial diagnosis? Describe. â€Å"Yes, I think that my feelings have changed slightly. I don’t feel as overwhelmed now. Since we are able to communicate Kendall and we have strategies in place at school to ensure that she receives a quality education as well as special education services, I know that we are doing all we can for her. Each year at her annual IEP meeting, there’s progress, so I know that she is progressing† (D Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). What have been the positive aspects of having a child in the family with a disability? â€Å"Well, I think that Kendall’s condition has made us be more patient with each other, come together as a family, and has made me more humble. We, as a family, chip in to help Kendall with things she’s not able to do on her own. Our children interact with her more and they try to keep her in good spirits. We spend a lot of time in our family room talkin g, watching movies, and playing games. I think that is extremely important that we are a positive family unit and we stick together no matter what. As a parent with a child with disabilities, it can get stressful but with God, we can withstand any storm that comes our way† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). What have been the problems or challenges you have experienced having a child with a disability? â€Å"When Kendall was younger, having to try and teach her sign language and communicate with us was very challenging. We actually had to seek an ASL translator to teach us how to sign. I know that it was extremely difficult for Kendall. But now she does attempt to speak a few words to us. Also, teaching her to potty train was exhausting because she could not understand what we wanted her to do and she was confused on when to go. Kendall was fully potty trained when she turned 7. Also, getting her to sit still to eat was a challenge. She would eat but it was hard to get her to sit still long enough to do so. I think the biggest challenge was incorporating a routine when she started school. I think that each challenge was difficult but with time and patience, we were able to overcome the obstacle. I know that as she gets older, there will be more hurdles to jump so I pray for guidance. O nce Kendall gets use to a routine, she does ok† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). How did your other children react to learning their sister had a disability? What impact has Kendall had on them? â€Å"At first, I think that Jordan was a little confused, but she was really young when Kendall was diagnosed. Jordan wanted to play with Kendall but Kendall did not want to be touched and didn’t respond when Jordan would speak to her. My wife and I explained to Jordan (when she was older to understand) that Kendall couldn’t talk to her. I think it was a little hard in the beginning for the both of them. When we had Jackson, we taught him sign language as he got older to understand and he had adapted to Kendall. Both, Jordan and Jackson, help out a lot and enjoy spending time with their sister. I think that Kendall’s condition has taught them that everyone is uniquely made and that we should treat each other’s, as we would want others to treat them. I also think that it has taught them patience, compassion towards others, and to always be kind to others† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). What kinds of support have been most helpful to you (family members, parent groups, neighbors, other)? How would you prioritize your family needs and the areas in which you feel you need more assistance? â€Å"Our family and friends have really been supportive. They have provided additional resources for us. They’ve provided prayers for understanding, and a shoulder to lean on, in case we needed. We have met with other parents of children with Autism S pectrum Disorder at meeting. So, overall, we have all the support we need. I don’t think that we need more assistance right now but of course my family always come first. I think that we prioritize the way we spend time with our children. We ensure that everyone eats together and that we have family fun nights. This way we can spend time with each other because of our busy schedules† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). What have been your experiences in working with school personnel? What have they done that has been most helpful? What have they done that was least helpful or even harmful? â€Å"Overall, the school personnel at Kendall’s school have been great. They send home daily reports about her behavior or anything that I may need to know about. I really like that they do this because it keeps me in the loop of what’s going on in the classroom. It also shows me that she is getting one on one time. They also keep me in the loop, via email, about classroom activities. I really have a sense that she’s receiving great care. I really can’t complain about Kendall’s school. I’m satisfied with her teachers as well as the administration. One thing comes to mind that they could do, they could include more computer time. Kendall really loves the computer† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). How could the school help your child transition to adulthood? â€Å"At this point, since she is so young, I think that there’s nothing that the school could teach her to transition into adulthood other than maybe how to shop for food. I think that Kendall will not be able to live independently. But being able to take her to the grocery store and have her help deciding what foods she want would be great† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). If I were to be Kendall’s teacher next year, what advice would you want to give me so that she has an optimal learning experience? â€Å"I would tell you to have patience with Kendall. I would also tell you to develop a strategy in order to gain her interest in the lessons that you teach. You would also need to make her feel safe in the classroom and consistency is key. Kendall likes routine. We have a routine at home on how things are done everyday and on the weekend and if we alter it slightly, it sets off her behavior that turns into tantrums. Kendall is a sweet and loving child but she has to have structure. Kendall also loves the computer, so you may want to incorporate a few lessons via technology. Also, communication is key for her mom and I. We like to be informed about what’s going on with Kendall, whether it’s daily or weekly. We like to stay in the loop and occasionally we will come and visit† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 201 8). What would you want me to do/not in terms of my interactions with you if I were Kendall’s teacher? â€Å"Just communicate with us about Kendall’s progress. We want to make sure that she is learning and enjoys school. But we do want to make sure that she is benefiting from the services she’s receiving. Just keep us in the know! â€Å" (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018) I am just learning about students with disabilities and how to work effectively with them in my classroom. What other information would you like me—and my classmates—to know about working with children with special needs? â€Å"Always treat these kids like they were your own. Have patience with them, guide them, and treat them with respect. Find a way to be able to relate to them so that they feel safe and that the classroom room is a safe haven. Create a bond with them so that they can be confortable in the classroom environment. Also, have compassion and treat them with kindness. It takes a strong individual to deal with special needs children. I think that you should also incorporate small group, one on one time, and interactiv e activities in your lesson. I know that Kendall enjoys interactive hands on activities† (D. Geter, personal communication, November 30, 2018). Part 3: Summary of Research-Based Strategies Receiving a diagnosis of an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has a major impact on an individual and his or her family (Crane). Early prevention and identification of children with Autism is extremely important and a key element of treatment (Kirk, pg. 147). Early prevention allows children with Autism Spectrum Disorder to make significant gains and affords an early opportunity to begin therapy in language functioning and improvement in peer relationships (Kirk, pg. 147). There are several strategies that I would recommend that will be effective in improving social skills, behavior, and communication. Augmentative and Alternative communication (AAC) and assisted technology, not only improves speech, but provides ways to communicate the needs of the child and can prevent the development of non adaptive child behavior (Kirk, pg. 156). Extensive use allows the child with disabilities an opportunity to view pictures displayed on a communication board. By pointing at pictures, students with autism are able to communicate his or her wishes (Kirk, pg. 156). The improvement of communication devices has a favorable effect on controlling or reducing challenging behavior because disruptive behavior is sometimes caused by not being able to communicate their needs and wishes (Kirk, pg. 60). There’s also software being developed to help teach social skills. Another educational strategy I would recommend, which is a way to cope with behavior manifestations of autism, is known as functional behavior assessment (Kirk). Functional behavior assessments do not focus on the behavior of the child but focuses on the meaning behind the behavior. Functional behavior assessment is also known as the ABC approach (Kirk). The A (Antecedents) stands for what preceded the behavior, B (Behavior) stands for the nature of the event, and C (Consequence) stands for what happens as a result of the behavior (Kirk). This strategy assesses the behavior, what the child will benefit from the behavior, and whether it is a form of communication. Once the team understands the reason behind the behavior, positive strategies are developed to teach the child positive alternative for attaining his goal. Every student with a disability will have an Individualized Educational Plan. A team of educators, specialists, administrators, and the parents will design an education plan to ensure that the child will receive services, accommodations, and modifications needed to be successful in the classroom as well in society after high schoo l. I think that it is extremely important for students with disabilities to remain in the general education classroom also known as â€Å"Inclusion†. Academic lessons are designed for the child with autism and lessons can be short and not complex to ensure progress and success in appropriate tasks. I also think that students with autism would benefit from small group work. The IEP would also include special plan for improving social skills and language development as well as specific strategies to cope with behavior. Creating structure is another successful strategy. The desire for structure among children with disabilities can be met by visual representations (Kirk, pg. 157). Creating a consistent physical environment and daily schedule ensures security. Consistency is key for academic successful for students with disabilities. Part 4: Conclusion—Reflection and Discussion Interviewing Dondrea and listening to him talk about Kendall with so much regard to doing what is best for her and making sure that she is able to communicate and receive an appropriate education by receiving the necessary accommodations was touching. As a parent, we want to be able to provide the best for our children. We also want to make sure that they have everything they need to be successful. So, it was difficult to hear him talk about how hopeless he felt at times; he w ishes that he could do more to help Kendall. He told me that his doctor were glad that they noticed the signs and that they followed up with their doctor. Early prevention and identification allowed them to get a head start on learning how to communicate with their daughter and understand her needs and have her communicate with them. As a parent of a child with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) it was extremely difficult to me to come to terms that my child needs additional help to be successful in the classroom. I also thought that I was the blame of why my child had developed both disorders. I felt overwhelmed with all of the information and acronyms that were being thrown at me during the 504 meeting. I had little knowledge about either disorders so I felt vulnerable, confused, and stressed. After talking with my child’s pediatrician and other supportive resources, I was able to educate my husband and other children about my son’s condition. I felt comfortable at the next 504 meeting because I was prepared. I think that it was wonderful that Kendall’s conditi on was caught early. Early prevention and identification is crucial. As an administrator, I have participated in many Individualized Educational Plan meeting to develop, write, and implement academic goals and accommodations and/or modifications for the child with disabilities. I have witnessed frustration from parents and teachers and parents in denial that their child needs special accommodations to be academically successful in the classroom. When I encounter parents, I do suggest that they become familiar with their child’s condition and understand that the IEP is to only help the child progress in the classroom, socially and academically. I do suggest that they ask questions and make suggestions pertaining to the annual goals that are being written. I also stress to them how important their involvement is. This interview made me realize that parents of children with disabilities have a special connection or bond with each other. We all have felt some type of guilt about the conditions that develop beyond our power. We are all uniquely made and have a special purpose in this world. We all have difficult storms and seasons that we go through, but in the end, we come out victorious and possess a testimony to share to empower, inspire, and uplift others who may going through the same thing. 2 Corinthians 12:9-10 â€Å"But he said to me, â€Å"My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weaknessà ¢â‚¬ . Therefore I will boast all the more gladly about my weaknesses, so that Christ’s power may rest on me. 10 That is why, for Christ’s sake, I delight in weaknesses, in insults, in hardships, in persecutions, in difficulties. For when I am weak, then I am strong. This verse is truly uplifting when we are overwhelmed with making sure we are making the right decisions for our children. We must be their voice.

The Impact of Confucius on the Development of Chinese...

The impact Confucius had on the development of Chinese thought and culture Confucianism has been a part of Chinese culture for over a thousand years. Many who have studied Confucianism would say that it is not a religion. It is better described as a philosophy or moral code. The philosophy of Confucianism comes mainly from the speeches and writings of Confucius, a great Chinese thinker and educator. He believed that Humanity, Rite, Neutrality, Virtue, Education, and Cultivation were the basis of human behavior. In addition, Confucius felt that this philosophy was the best way for people to behave and interact with others in society. Confucius, (551-479 B.C.E.) the Chinese social philosopher was best known for creating one of the†¦show more content†¦during the Zhou Dynasty, China was experiencing a great deal of political turmoil. A major part of this era was called the Period of the Warring States. It was a time when there were numerous wars that occurred due to the conflict that existed between seven states. (Watkins, 2013) These warring states were the Han, Wu, Zhao, Chu, Qi, Yan and Jin. According to Jerry H. Bentley and Herbert F. Ziegler of the book Traditions and Encounters, â€Å"This period forced some people to reflect on the nature of society, and the roles of humans beings within society.† The authors continued saying that it forced others to â€Å"identify principles that would restore political and social order.† (Bentley Ziegler, 2011) The principles of Confucianism were established and followed in order to help the citizens of China to live and govern their communities m ore efficiently. Through Confucianism, Confucius helped legitimize China’s rule and bring about order in the mist of turmoil. The effects of Confucius’ principles are still seen and felt today in many aspects of modern day Chinese society. Veritably, there were points throughout Chinese history where Confucianism affected almost every aspect of life in China. Confucius has impacted the development of Chinese thought and culture in various ways from education to politics, to familial relationships. In short, Confucius, a great political adviserShow MoreRelatedPhilosophy Of Mencius And Xunzi1111 Words   |  5 PagesConfucianism adhere to the ideas and values spread in the teachings of Confucius, a philosopher. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese Thought (Reigel, para. 1). Other than that, however, not much is known for certain about the life of Confucius, as most of his works were not widespread until after his death. It is thought that he was born, possibly out of wedlock, to a poor family in the stateRead MoreThe Influence of Confucianism on Chinese Culture Essays1742 Words   |  7 PagesThe Influence of Confucian Culture on Chinese Culture Introduction Confucian culture, also known as Confucianism, was founded by Confucius during the Spring and Autumn Period, which was developed gradually after the Han Dynasty with benevolence as the core. Since the Han Dynasty, Confucianism was the official ideology and the basis of mainstream ideology in the vast majority of historical periods of China, and it also influenced many southeast Asian countries in history. After a variety of shocksRead MoreThe Influence of Accessibility: A Comparison of the Views of Lao-Tzu and Confucius1610 Words   |  6 PagesThe Influence of Accessibility A comparison between Lao Tzu and Confucius, as well as that between the respective philosophies each of these individuals is believed to have propounded, is fairly natural and, in certain respects, fairly inevitable. Both scholars were believed to have existed during the same time period, from approximately the seventh through the fourth centuries B.C.E. (although it should be noted that there is an overwhelming body of evidence that indicates that Lao Tzu may notRead MoreLegalism, Taoism, and Confucianism in Ancient China1049 Words   |  4 Pagesdifficult to decide which one is the most suitable to live by. Ancient China was arguably among one of the most philosophical cultures that has ever existed to date. They had multiple schools of thought including Chinese Naturalism, Mohism, Logicians, Confucianism, Taoism (Daoism), and Legalism. Many of these philosophies fell into obscurity but three of them had a very large impact on ancient China and still have influence around the glob e today. Legalism, Taoism, and Confucianism each had its own waysRead MoreThe Trade Networks And The Persian Civilizations1123 Words   |  5 Pages 1.Which had a larger impact on the Persian civilizations - trade networks, diffusion of food and goods, spread of religion, or spread of disease? Please explain all 4 and choose one overall. I think the trade networks had a larger impact on the Persian civilizations. I believe the promotion of trade and economic integration by building and maintaining roads and issuing currencies determines the empire s success. The trade network linked lands from India to Egypt in a vast commercial zone.Read MoreCultural Revolution And Its Effects On Chinese Economic And Development1457 Words   |  6 Pagesthe force who block the development. However, because of the failure leadership, this movement goes to a wrong way and become out of control. This ten years revolution seriously impact Chinese economic and development, it gives Communist Party and its people a big damage: school closed, factories shut down; students recruit for the â€Å"Red Guard†, they took to the streets to against democracy; millions of people involved into this revolution. It is a painful memories to Chinese. Today, some people preferRead MoreConfucianism and Filial Piety in Chinese Culture Essay example s2916 Words   |  12 PagesProfessor Sandra Lee IQS 125 26 May 2008 Confucianism and Filial Piety in Chinese culture Western people might wonder why once upon a time in China, choosing a wife or husband for one’s life was not his or her decision but their parents’, or one must mourn for their deceased parents at least three years. The answer is about the definition of morality. Different conceptions of morality have guided different cultures in different directions regarding a central question of human existence: DoesRead MoreNegative Effects Of The Han Dynasty951 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the development of Chinese history, dynasties or ruling families, have had major effects on China’s social, political and economic systems. For instance, several notable dynasties include the Zhou, Qin, and Han dynasty. Nevertheless, the sentiment favoring a certain dynasty led to debate between individuals. Thus, several individuals avouch that the Han dynasty had the most profound impact on the development of China, while others argue that it was the Qin dynasty who had a great er effectRead MoreEssay on Confucianism and Its Implications in Modern China3400 Words   |  14 PagesConfucianism for good from China by the Communist leader Mao Zedong in 1949, the ideas and values were so deeply embedded into peoples mind and the culture that even suppression could not keep it out of the culture and practices. The main factor that has brought Confucianism back into the limelight in China and other East Asian countries is the recent development of economic growth and the possibilities behind why that has occurred. This is a topic that has brought about much dispute among scholars, thatRead MoreChina s Cultural Revolution : Mao Zedong Essay1500 Words   |  6 PagesChairman Mao Zedong, a strong believer in Socialist ideologies, thought China needed sociopolitical reform in order to erase aspects of the traditional Chinese culture. Although Mao implemented new political principles, the revolution was a time of mass destruction and overall led to negative eff ects, disrupting China’s economy and preservation of the Chinese culture. The Revolution brought about massive change that affected Chinese culture, politics and military. China was impacted by this reform

Illegal Immigrants Illegal Immigration - 900 Words

Today one of the biggest issues in America is illegal immigration; these people travel from all over the world, and illegally cross national borders onto U.S soil in desperation to find a better life. Immigrants come to America in hopes of fulfilling the American dream, being free and safe from their original home lands. Most immigrants are illegal and come by the millions each year, which lead to many controversial disputes. The overflow of immigrants caused many citizens to question if these illegal immigrants are damaging America in various way and also by bringing in crime, drugs, and terrorists. Others state that immigrants truly aids the economy â€Å"Indeed, some sectors of the economy might have a hard time functioning without illegal workers. (Katel 395) Many citizens believe illegal immigrants are taking jobs, and abusing government benefits, however many argue that these immigrants in fact contribute to a stronger economic stimulus, take unwanted jobs, and some even crea te jobs for Americans. Some citizens and politicians believe immigration is taking a negative effect on native born American citizens. They claim these illegal immigrants trespassing damage the U.S by bringing drugs, crime, and stealing jobs from American citizens. They also make statements that immigrant’s illegally trespassing damage the U.S by bringing drugs, crime, and stealing jobs from American citizens. â€Å"†¦they worry that leaky borders could allow in terrorists and undocumented immigrants whoShow MoreRelatedIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration1100 Words   |  5 PagesIllegal immigration Over the past few years illegal immigration has become a bigger problem. Statistics reveal that more and more immigrants are entering the country illegally by crossing the borders. If something is not done soon, this may get out of hand and be to gone far not to handle. The number of illegal immigrants have gone up over the past years drastically In 2011, there were 40 million immigrants in the U.S. Of that 11.1 million were illegal. Although the number of illegalRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration1286 Words   |  6 Pages Undocumented Immigration An analysis of illegal immigration in the United States reveals one challenge facing the banks and other institutions: whether to provide banking and other services to the illegal immigrants or to treat them as criminals because they are illegal and therefore, not to provide them with banking and other services. The articles, â€Å"Crossing the Line† by Stein and â€Å"Illegal Immigrants – They’re Money,† by Rodriguez discuss the impact of illegal immigration in the United StatesRead MoreIllegal Immigration And Illegal Immigrants1335 Words   |  6 PagesIllegal immigration has been one of the main topics during the last three presidential election. Many bills and laws have been passed in order to keep them out but is it really necessary to neglect illegal immigrant? Most Americans believe that illegal immigrants are only people of Mexicans or Latin American descent but illegal immigrants can be from any race or country. Illegal immigration is defined by United States Department of Homeland Security as â€Å"†¦ all foreign-born non-citizens who are notRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration964 Words   |  4 Pages Attention Step (quotation, question, or story) About four months ago in government class, we had a class discussion. The topic was illegal immigration. One student said that America should send the illegal immigrants back to their country because they are taking American’s jobs. He stated that he would send his dad back to Mexico because he is an illegal immigrant. Going around the circle that we created, everyone gave their opinions, most disagreed, but some agreed with the student. When it wasRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration1902 Words   |  8 PagesSince the 1980s, the US government has undertaken initiatives to make its borders more non-porous to illegal immigration from its neighboring countries. The menace of illegal immigrants seeking better opportunities in the USA started reflecting in the 1970s. The migrating people are motivated by the better non-skilled or semi-skilled employment opportunities in the USA and the relatively higher remuneration for services rendered in the USA than in the neig hbor countries especially Mexico (HansonRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration1073 Words   |  5 PagesGriffin Tritto Politics Paper 5/1/17 Immigration Through the past few decades, the rise of illegal immigrants has been both good and bad. The topic of illegal immigration has recently been brought up frequently by politicians, seeing the economic problems that have occurred. An â€Å"illegal† immigrant is somebody who enters a country without following the proper legal requirements to make them a citizen. Illegal immigration is not only taking place in the United States, but all over the globe.Read MoreIllegal Immigrants : Illegal Immigration906 Words   |  4 PagesIllegal Immigration In Texas Border Security is a pressing issue within Texas. Every year, thousands of illegal immigrants cross the border in an attempt to have a better life. No one has issues with legal immigration, but to illegally trespass into this country tends to upset many people. This issue of border security has become more prevalent with the upcoming election Illegal immigration is causing job loss to legal residents of the state because illegal immigrants are doing labor cheaper. AlsoRead MoreIllegal Immigration And Illegal Immigrants3175 Words   |  13 Pagesincreasing number of illegal immigrants in this country. Just recently Obama took executive action to shield illegal immigrants from deportation. A Texas Judge though blocked his executive action on immigration. Illegal immigration is a huge controversy here in the United States partly due to Americans thinking that illegal immigrates are taking jobs, causing lower wages, and the costs of education. In Immigration and the American Worker, Geo rge Borjas found that the presence of immigrant workers, whetherRead MoreIllegal Immigration And Illegal Immigrants1793 Words   |  8 Pagesrecent discussion s of illegal immigration, a controversial issue has been whether or not to grant amnesty to illegal immigrants in the U.S. On the one hand, some argue that amnesty shouldn’t be granted to illegal criminals. From this perspective, there are downfalls that many ignore and is unjust and stereotypical that all illegals are dangerous criminals. On the other hand, however, others argue that amnesty should be granted to illegal immigrants and how all of us are immigrants. In the words of oneRead MoreThe Immigration Of Illegal Immigrants1643 Words   |  7 Pagesindividuals desire. While this country’s reputation and culture was built on the basis of immigration, the ideals and viewpoints of this topic have strayed far from welcoming over the years. Both the Democratic and Republican parties find faults in the overflo w of illegal immigrants coming into America, but differ in their strategies of devising a solution to this issue. In short, Democrats believe in giving immigrants the opportunity to enhance our nation by contributing to their communities and workforces

Analysis of Wallace Stevens On Modern Poetry Essay Example For Students

Analysis of Wallace Stevens On Modern Poetry Essay Stevens uses his talent to explain his talent, taking the reader on a wonderful journey through the process Of poem creation, and wrought the human mind. The aforementioned guidelines that Wallace details in On Modern Poetry are dead on and may have shaped the way that poems are created to this day. He captured the true essence Of poetics While allowing the reader to continue doing their job, Losing their mind and their imagination. Stevens weaves a visual path through the job description of a poem and leaves the reader wondering what is said, and how to take it. The journey of poem writing is a perplexing one, especially In the area of method. When Wallace Stevens opens On Modern Poetry with the line: The poem of the mind in the act of finding,What will suffice (II. 1-2). He Is detailing the struggle to find the right word, the right scheme, or the right time tort change. He then follows with: It has not always had/To find: the scene was set: ;t repeated whats In the script (II. 2-4). This Is in reference to change and the modernist/. Magis view of poetry In the past. This could be taken as a derogatory comment to the simplicity and complacency of past poetry. Regardless. I tend to take It as a comment the overall state of poetry. A look at the past, but a welcoming of the state of current poetry. The iris stanza of the poem simply details the struggles of a changing genre. And uses descriptive diction dodo that. One great thing about a poem is that it leaves room for thought. For personal development, and for individual interpretation, Not only does On Modern Poetry do those things. UT it also tells the reader to do them. A metaphysical in the dark, managing/An instrument, twanging a wiry string that subversions passing through a sudden rightnesss. Hallucinogenic the mind (II. 20-23). The lines in themselves are perplexing and leave plenty Of room for interpretation. But what a reader comes o conclude is that Stevens is suggesting that a poem buries itself Within the human mind and plants a seed. The poem acts as a seed to thought, and it exerci ses the mind on regular basis. A good poem is one that makes the reader think, and not lust about the words, but about themselves and about their mind. The idea of a poem as a performer, be it an actor In a play, or a musician playing an instrument, or a metaphysical playing an instrument Is one of particular interest. Stevens uses the metaphor throughout the poem and does so quite well. The duality of the performer as the poet allows for a wide range of comparison and gives way to multitude of metaphors. In the following lines Stevens uses the idea of a actor on stage to present the depth of a poems words: Peak words that in the ear, In the delicates ear of the mind, repeat, Exactly, that which it wants to hear, at the sound Of which, and invisible audience listens, Not to the play, but to itself, expressed In an emotion as of two people, as of two Emotions becoming one (II. 13-19). The lines represent the idea that a poem must cross over from reality to a level that talks to the reader and allows them to liste n to their thoughts and not Just the poem. The poem becomes simply a vehicle for the human mind; it opens doors and allows the reader to read about themselves. When Stevens enters the second stanza he begins to give his guidelines for modern poetry: It has to be living, to learn the speech of the place. It has to face the men of the time and to meet The women of the time. It has to think about war And it has to find what will suffice (II. 7-10). The lines in themselves are quite simple, in their original form. They provide simple rules, but rules that were fairly modern during this time. The idea of including the eating of women provides a fairly modern concept in concern to womens rights and public recognition. .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8 , .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8 .postImageUrl , .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8 , .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8:hover , .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8:visited , .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8:active { border:0!important; } .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8:active , .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8 .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf88579e97422ede0f8be6fd40c14a4d8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Line or lines from Pablo Neruda's poems EssayPoems have always been concerned with war, or with human suffering, but the modern idea of thinking of war provides an example of being both positive and tragic. The past hundred years had been fairly rose-colored, but beginning in the sasss America took a turn for the worse and thus provided a reason to consider human tragedy. For a poem to be living and to learn the speech of the place simply means it must me modern, or current. The final four lines are more intriguing and seem more complex than all of the previous lines. They seem to be putting into action the ideas of the poem so far. He gives examples of what things would work as modern poetry. Modern poetry must find satisfaction, and some ways in which that may be achieved is through the discussion of a man skating or of a woman dancing or combing her hair. These things must exercise the mind though. Modern poems cannot simply describe the action, but must look beyond the action, from the subject, to the writer, to the reader. While I cannot claim to fully understand Stevens view of modern poetry, I feel that through his poem I can form some conclusions about his beliefs.

Texting While Driving free essay sample

Better regulation is needed because drivers using cell phones are seriously impaired and because laws on texting while driving are not enforced as should be. No one can deny that cell phones have caused traffic deaths and injuries. Cell phones were involved in many fatal accidents in 2011 alone. Early in November, two-year-old Morgan Pena was killed by a driver distracted by his cell phone. Morgan’s mother, Patti Pena, reports that the driver â€Å"ran a stop sign at 45 mph, broadsided my vehicle and killed Morgan as she sat in her car seat†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and that, â€Å"A week later, Officer Shannon Smith, who was guarding prisoners by the side of the road, was killed by a woman distracted by a phone call† (Besthoff). Expert testimonies, public opinions, and even cartoons suggest that driving while ‘phoning’ is dangerous. Lyndsey Layton, a reporter for the Washington Post and an expert on the relation between cell phones and accidents, estimates that between 450 and 1,000 crashes a year have some connection to cell phone use (C9). We will write a custom essay sample on Texting While Driving or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In a survey conducted by Farmers Insurance, 87% of drivers said that cell phones affect their ability to drive, and 40% reported having ‘close calls’ with other drivers distracted by phones (Farmers). Many people are lucky to cheat death while others, guilty and innocent, unfortunately die. Scientific research confirms the dangers of using phones while on the road. In 2012, a study appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine. The authors, Donald Redelmeier and Robert Tibshirani, studied 699 volunteers who made their cell phone bills available in order to confirm the times when they were using their phone while driving. The participants agreed to report any nonfatal collisions in which they were involved in. By comparing the time of a collision with the phone records, the researchers evaluated the dangers of driving while ‘phoning’. The results were unsettling; â€Å"We found that using a cellular telephone was associated with a risk of having a motor vehicle collision that was about four times as high as that among the same drivers when they were not using their cellular telephones. This relative risk is similar to the hazard associated with driving with a blood alcohol level at the legal limit† (456). A 2010 study conducted by John M. Violanti, a scientist from Rochester Institute of Technology, focused on Oklahoma’s’ records of drivers who were in cell phone related accidents. He found an increase in the risk of fatality â€Å"†¦if a phone was being used and a doubled risk simply when a phone was present in a vehicle. † (522-23). Some groups have argued that state traffic laws regulating cell phone use unnecessary. Sadly, this is not true. Laws on traffic safety vary from state to state, and drivers distracted by cell phones can get off with light punishment even when they cause fatal accidents. The driver who killed Morgan Pena in Pennsylvania â€Å"†¦ [she] received two tickets and a $50 fine—and retained his driving privileges. † (Pena), and in Georgia, â€Å"The young woman distracted by her phone who ran down and killed a two-year-old was sentenced to ninety days in boot camp and five hundred hours of community service. † (Ippolito J1). The families of the victims are understandably upset by laws that lead to such light sentences. When certain kinds of driver behaviors are shown to be dangerous, we wisely produce special laws making them illegal and imposing specific punishments. Running red lights, failing to stop for a school bus, and drunk driving are obvious examples; talking on the phone and texting in a moving vehicle should be no exception. Unlike more general laws covering careless driving, specific laws leave little uncertainty for law officers and for judges and juries imposing punishments. Laws passed by counties and towns regarding distracted driving have had some effect, but it makes more sense to legislate it at the state level. Local laws are not likely to have the impact of state laws, and keeping track of a wide variety of local ordinances is confusing for drivers. Even a spokesperson for Verizon Wireless has said that â€Å"Statewide bans are preferable to a ‘crazy patchwork quilt of ordinances’†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (qtd. In Haughney A8). These laws should be strictly enforced to the point where drivers are afraid to even touch their cell phones while driving. Despite the claims of some activists who say that some drivers will be on their phones while driving despite any law, if we impose tougher and stricter laws regulating phone use, we can make our roads safer. For example, in Japan, â€Å"†¦ [car] accidents linked to cell phones fell by 75% just a month after the country prohibited using a handheld phone while driving. † (Haughney A8). Research suggests and common sense tells us that it is not possible to drive an automobile at high speeds, dial numbers, and carry on conversations without significant risks. When such behavior is firmly regulated, obviously our roads will be safer. Works Cited Besthoff, Len. â€Å"Cell Phone Use Increases Risk of Accidents, but Users Willing to Take the Risk. † WRAL. com. Capitol Broadcasting, 9 Nov. 2011. Web. 12 Jan. 2012. Farmers Insurance. â€Å"New Survey Shows Drivers Have Had ‘Close Calls’ with Cell Phone Users. † Farmers. Farmers Insurance, 8 May 2011. Web. 12 Jan. 2012. Haughney, Christine. â€Å"Taking Phones out of Drivers’ Hands. † Washington Post 5 April. 2009: A8. Print. Ippolito, Milo. â€Å"Driver’s Sentence Not Justice, Mom Says. † Atlanta Journal-Constitution 21 Nov 2011: J1. Library Curriculum. Layton, Lyndsey. â€Å"Legislators Aiming to Disconnect Motorists. † Washington Post 10 Dec. 2010: C9. Print. Pena, Patricia N. â€Å"Patti Pena’s Letter to Car Talk. † Cartalk. com. Dewey, Cheetham, and Howe, n. d. Web. 02 Nov 2011. Redelmeier, Donald A. , and Robert J. Tibshirani. â€Å"Association between Cellular-Telephone Calls and Motor Vehicle Collisions. † New England Journal of Medicine 336. 7 (2012): 453-58. Print. Violanti, John M. â€Å"Cellular Phones and Fatal Traffic Collisions. † Accident Analysis and Prevention 30. 4 (2010): 519-524. Print. Texting while driving free essay sample Have you ever sent a text while driving? Texting while driving has been raising issues in today’s society as 46 percent of teens, and more than one in five drivers have admitted to texting while driving (source). This hazardous habit has lead to many studies to expose the dangers of texting while driving, and how it compares to drunk driving to all drivers. Texting while driving and drunk driving cause an increase in automobile accidents and health factors that are extremely dangerous. Reckless driving habits such as texting and drunk driving cause thousands of accidents each year, resulting in many injuries and deaths. In 2010, more than 1. 4 million arrests were made for drivers operating under the influence of alcohol and drugs (Impaired Driving 1). In total, 10,228 people were killed in alcohol related crashes in 2010, accounting for 31 percent of all crashes in the United States (Impaired Driving 1). In addition, over 50 percent of teens have admitted to texting behind the wheel (Texting While Driving 2). We will write a custom essay sample on Texting while driving or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Although the legal consequences are nowhere as steep as drunk driving, the numbers are just as scary. First of all, lets all admit it. Every one of us has either sent a text message or been in a car with a driver sending texts. The scary truth is that in 2009, 5,474 deaths and nearly 450,000 injuries were sustained in car crashes. Of these, roughly 20 percent of deaths and 5 percent of injuries were caused by the use of a cell phone (Texting While Driving 1). Unfortunately, most people, including myself, were or still are completely unaware of how dangerous texting while driving is. Yet the scariest aspect of this all is that social media and smart phones are continuing to grow, providing more distractions to thousands of drivers. Who would ever think sending a text can be as dangerous as drunk driving? Not only do the number of deaths and accidents pose a serious threat, but the health factors they present are extremely dangerous. Drunk driving has many extremely dangerous health factors that often lead to crashes and deaths. The first of many risks it presents is the reaction time a driver has while intoxicated. In a study conducted, a sober driver takes . 54 seconds to hit the brakes. In comparison, it takes a legally drunk driver with a BAC of . 08 an extra four feet to hit the brakes (Texting And Driving Worse 1). Obviously, the more intoxicated a driver is, the more time it will take them to react to cars stopping ahead of them. In 2010, 112 million cases of drunk driving were reported (get source name.. ). This presents a serious threat not only to the drunk driver, but to many innocent drivers out on the road. On top of that, texting while driving also has many dangerous effects. In the same study found earlier, it was discovered that reading a text takes an additional 70 feet to hit the brakes compared to an unimpaired driver. The scariest part of this all may be that most people do not recognize that texting while driving is just as dangerous, if not more dangerous, than drunk driving. Whether you are a teen or an adult, I am sure you have seen, been with, or sent a text message yourself while driving. Personally, I have been in a car and have been the driver of a car in which the driver has sent a text. In addition, I see people reading and texting on their phones every day when I am driving around. The scariest part is that most people, including me in the past, are completely unaware of the dangers texting while driving presents. Also, the average teen sends more than 3,000 texts per month and 64 percent have admitted to texting while driving. It is necessary to promote the dangers of these activities to all drivers and help prevent more deaths on the road. In conclusion, distracted driving, especially texting while driving can be just as dangerous, if not more dangerous, than drunk driving. From now on, wait to use your phone or pull aside the road before checking it. Doing so will help save roughly 6,000 or more lives per year. Next time you get a text while driving, might it cross your mind that it is as dangerous as drunk driving? From now on, pull over or wait to respond, it could save your life.

We Should Stop Wars Essays

We Should Stop Wars Essays We Should Stop Wars Essay We Should Stop Wars Essay We Should Stop Wars Jonathan Granoff – â€Å"Nuclear Weapons, Ethics, Morals and Law† Ron Paul – â€Å"Conscription: The Terrible Price of War† Jonathan Granoff – â€Å"Peaace and Security† War and Terrorism is perhaps one of the hottest topics in the U. S. The debate on whether a mosque should be built two blocks away from ground zero has refreshed people’s memory of the terrorist attack nine years ago. Many people in the U. S. believe that we are in a just war with the terrorists who threat the peace of the world. However, how many classifications can wars be categorized? What kind of war should be permissible? In my opinion, the existence of war is evil and should be limited to the minimum possible level. First, I want to argue about the justice of a â€Å"just war†. A just war means it fits both jus ad bellum (the right to go to war) and jus in bello (the just conduct of war) (Boss, 575). Let me start analyzing from the jus ad bellum. As we know, war involves the use of armed violence between nations or between competing political factions to achieve a political purpose (Boss, 571). A war usually starts when two parties believe different thing. Namely, under many circumstances, both sides in a war believe themselves are just and the other side is evil. Even some countries try to start a war that is â€Å"unjust†, they will create a â€Å"just cause†. The Iraq War is an example. I remember in the movie â€Å"Jarhead† about 1990 Gulf War, there is a scene that the military leaders were showing the troops how just this war is by protecting Kuwait from Iraq’s invade, then a soldier whispered to another saying that this war is just for the oil. After failing to prove that Saddam Hussein possessed weapon, the Iraq War is widely considered as an unjust war based on economic purpose. However, how many times can we prove the just cause of a war? How can we prevent any organization from starting another â€Å"Iraq War† if we allow them to use just war as an excuse? The second ingredient of a just war, jus in bello, is also questionable. One frequently used example of just war is when U. S entering World War II. However, the nuclear bombs dropped on Japan definitely violated the principle of jus in bello that â€Å"noncombatants should not be intentionally targeted (Boss, 576). † Nuclear weapon is viewed as â€Å"the ultimate evil† because it could permanently destroy the ecosystem in a large area. â€Å"Not only are they destructive in magnitude but in horror as well (Granoff, 601). Thus, many people are working at stop using any nuclear weapon. Those efforts currently met two problems. The first problem is the potential threat from the countries that already developed nuclear weapons. As long as a group of people have nuclear weapons, the attempt of some others to develop nuclear weapons will still go o n. The second problem is what kind of weapon is considered â€Å"not a proportional response to the injury being redressed†? Should we allow the predator drone to vaporize people or the biological weapon that could spread diseases? Where is the limitation of the â€Å"humanity† for a war? Is killing one person to protect ten other persons a just behavior? What about killing one person to protect a thousand persons? Loss of lives in wars could hardly be just for any reason. In addition, whether a war in the history is a just war is decided by the winner most of the time. The U. S. Independence War is widely viewed as a Just War. The author Boss said that the behavior of France helping the U. S. is just. I cannot agree with him. At that time, the independence of the 13 colonies was viewed as a violation of fidelity. The assistant from France is just based on its economic consideration. What if a Native American reservation claims for independence now? The winner of a War is usually the â€Å"just† side. And when a group lacks the power to engage in conventional warfare, this group might use politically motivated violence to target noncombatants and create intimidation, which is terrorism (Boss, 572). At this point of view, if an organization to not want to be terrorism, this organization needs to have the military power to directly confront enemy. We always condemn terrorist because of the method they use. What about ourselves? According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute Yearbook 2010, the U. S. military spend of the U. S. consists 46. 5% of the whole world’s military spend. Does the U. S. need to maintain the largest military spend in order to secure the â€Å"strongest country† in the world? This is questionable. War has never stopped after World War II. There are still about 1. 6 million people killed every year now (Boss, 572). If we allow one type of war to exist, we will give war makers excuse to create other types of wars. As long as human nature does not change, people will seek for more resources and conflict will exist. We must make every effort to stop war.

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Human Resource Management - Essay Example Human resource management strategies of Facebook Facebook is well known social networking service company that was founded in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg with his university roommates there are over 600 million users on Facebook. As at 2011 January, the number of employees at Facebook was over 2000, working in 15 different countries. It is difficult to explain the human resource management of Facebook, this is because of the nature of the company, the HR policies of the company and the management structure of the company (Anonymous, 2011). However, working at the company provides an exciting opportunity to the employees and provides room for innovation for those ready to test new ideas. Planning of employees The human resource management at Facebook Company has the duty of making sure that it plans well for the future of the company in terms of human resource. One critical aspect involved in planning is ensuring that the company has enough employees who will adequately serve the company and help it achieve its objectives. At Facebook, this done by selection and recruitment that allows the company to get the talent and skills it requires (Anonymous, 2011). Managing of human resources at Facebook Managing staff is not easy. There are many issues that comes up which the management has to deal with. However, with proper strategies and polices it becomes easy. As noted by Kotler (1996) there is need to fully maximize on the available staff. Facebook Company views human resource management in a more innovative way in managing it workforce, as opposed to the traditional way. Accordingly, the management has adopted techniques that allow the company to express it goals in a specific manner so that it can be understood by its employees (Baloun, 2006, p, 27). The company as well provides the required resources that its staff can use to successfully achieve their tasks. Thus, the company is able to successful its HRM techniques in way that promotes the goals and objectives of the company of leading in innovation. Training and development at Facebook Despite that fact that training of employees is very important, the company expects its staff to learn by themselves so that they become more innovative. The company has adopted an open and transparent environment. The HRM at Facebook understands that it has the duty to ensure that its employees fully exploit their potential in a positive and safe environment. Accordingly the company has provided a large open space office that promotes innovation (Home-Designing, 2009), easier communication, and better use of time, as employees do not need to work a far to reach the management. This highly motivated the employees. Employees are encouraged to think outside the box and come up with new ideas. However, the management is very good and supportive of its employees. Recruitment and selection at Facebook Recruitment of workforce is a very important activity in any given organization. This entails selection, administr ation, evaluation and performance as well as staffing. As explained by Kotler (1996, p, 96) recruitment and selection helps a company to get the right people in terms of numbers, skills and competency that needed. In line with the mission of the company of discovering excellent talent and providing good working environment to its employees, Facebook Company recruits the smartest

Maritime Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Maritime Economics - Essay Example Maritime economics refers to the business of shipping which is considered to be quite intriguing. The shipping industry which marked its commencement with the transportation of cargoes has been witnessing increased significance owing to the related advantages and prospects in the field of international development (Cullinane, 2011). Shipping is considered to be a service based industry that is believed to grant the sustenance with regard to the global trade. The subject of maritime economics is believed to have developed and grown based on the study that is supposed to relate to the past record of shipping, for instance contractual understanding relating to shipping as well as trade (Talley, 2012). Performance evaluation indicators are considered to be essential in order to gauge the operating competence with regard to the shipping industry. It is regarded as essential to draw attention to the condition related to operation performance with the intention of further enhancing the performance. There has been stated to remain available numerous kinds of indicators for the reason of using them for assessing the results attained by the shipping companies or the seaports. The prevailing indicators are believed to be of great use owing to their easy computability with the help of the accessible information. The application of the indicators would enable the evaluation of the performance of a particular shipping company and ascertain the degree of contentment of the obtained results. The performance indicators is learnt to gauge the performance of the shipping companies in sectors like tanker, offshore, container, dry bulk and other miscellaneous sectors (Trujillo & et. al., 1999). It needs to be mentioned in this regard that the indicators related to performance measurement is not regarded as structured, comprehensive or constant. The indicators that are used to gauge the performance of the shipping companies is done with the

The various stages in the development of warfare Essay Example for Free

The various stages in the development of warfare Essay Technology defines the strategic agenda of a nation at any given time; in particular, the concepts of war, crisis, terrorism and therefore military warfare. Military technology has allowed for Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles, Precision Guided Munitions, Long Range Theatre Nuclear Weapons, Ballistic Missile-Carrying Submarines and many more. New military concepts have arisen out from the advancement of military technology, for example arms races or Mutually Assured Destruction; all of these complex military terminologies were unheard of in the middle of the 19th century, therefore showing how drastic warfare has developed since then. As military warfare has an extremely strong influence on the state of international relations as it affects the balance of power and the polarity of the world, it is important to understand both why and how the wars that happen today have expanded. The industrial revolution in the middle of the 19th century brought about a fundamental transformation in military technology; gone were the cavalry wars with spears as weapons and castles as defence, in was the mass production of war machinery. Nearly every aspect of warfare changed, and has been advancing and increasing ever since. The firepower of guns and bombs evolved from 3/4 rounds per minute muzzle loading muskets to machine guns capable of firing 650 rounds per minute1; although first used in the 1883 American Civil War which led to 600,000 dead, machine guns were widely used in World War One and helped make 400,0002 British casualties in the Battle of the Somme. From the middle of the 20th century the focus moved to weapons of mass destruction, in particular nuclear weapons, where technology allowed for more range and accuracy, and ICBMs and PGMs are capable of wiping out whole towns. Due to this, war has extended from armies to ordinary civilians, therefore potentially increasing death tolls and creating more fear among inhabitants of a country at war as attacks can be secret. The mobility and transport of armies has also changed which has an effect on the development of warfare; the pre-mid 19th century wooden sail powered ships with cannons used during many of the British invasions of India, Australia and Africa proved impractical and from the 1870s onwards, iron steam powered battleships were built. This allowed for access to enemy lands by sea with a lower risk of being sunk, and so invasions became easier, for example the Boer War from 1899 to 1902. The industrial revolution of the mid 1800s created advanced railways so soldiers could be deployed rapidly; this increased the speed of wars from the traditional wars on foot, and prevented enemy stated from having time to prepare for war. The introduction of the motorcar in the beginning of the 20th century also helped the mobility of warfare, with army trucks being used in most of the wars since then; in addition, the invention of tanks and submarines combined strong defence with the ability to attack, therefore causing more damage with fewer home casualties. The development of aircraft since the mid 19th century has been extremely significant; the first victims of air war were Arab villagers in Libya during the Italian war on Turkey 1911-123, and although aircraft was used in World War One, the turning point of air warfare was the Second World War, where the Blitzkrieg strikes on British civilian towns by the German Luftwaffe created a new warfare that involved ordinary inhabitants. Similarly, in recent air strikes on Afghanistan and Iraq by technologically advanced fighter planes such as B-1 and B52 bombers have further increased the speed and devastation caused by war. Protection has also changed over the years, from impractical individual heavy metal armour used by armies before the mid 19th century to much more alternative methods of protection. In World War One, the use of trenches to protect soldiers proved ineffective, however the civilian attacks during the Second World War meant that new types of protection were introduced: air raid sirens, blackouts and gas masks from enemy air warfare. Technology in the late 20th century extended methods of protection to Electronic Counter Measures to locate enemy weapons even before they are deployed the ultimate method of protection. This would not have been possible without the advancement in artificial intelligence through sophisticated computers to perform operations such as detecting long-range missiles from satellite cameras. The advancement of military warfare is due to a number of things: the progression of science and development of human intelligence mainly as a result of better education and more of a desire to be all-knowing has created more effective and practical ideas for warfare. In addition, the influx capitalism after the industrial revolution has meant that the munitions industry has profit to be made, and as capitalism seems ever increasing the production of weapons has also amplified. Also, countries around the world have increased their defence spending budgets therefore more money is constantly being spent on inventing the best, most destructive, powerful weapons. This, along with the enlarged competition between states to have the most advanced technological warfare machinery has led to a number of disputes which set the agenda for international relations at the time. The Cold War between Russia and the United States from the middle of the 20th century until the collapse of the Soviet Union mainly consisted of an unofficial arms race: repeated, competitive and reciprocal adjustments of their war making capacities between two nations4, with both countries building up baroque arsenals of ICBMs and the most advanced nuclear bombs. Action-Reaction models such as the Cold War creates a security dilemma not just for those involved but for the whole world: An action by any state to increase its military strength will raise the level of threat seen by other states and cause them to react by increasing their own strength5. An example of this recently could be the nuclear proliferation of the nine states who presently have nuclear weapons; countries who dont have nuclear arms may feel threatened by those who do and wish to build up their arms, and so this potential horizontal proliferation would in turn make those who have arms build up theirs even more, creating increased vertical proliferation. Nuclear multi-polarity in the world is likely to be dangerous as there is more chance of rogue states using their weapons and creating more prolific, devastating wars. While many argue the move to nuclear warfare is better than outdated methods of warfare such as battles as it creates deterrence between states to use their weapons. This could be proven by the fact that since the invention of nuclear weapons in the middle of the 20th century there has been no nuclear wars; however the example of the United States atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 show how much devastation and horror they could cause. Also, the new threat of biological and chemical weapons has added to the potential threat of large-scale modern warfare that no longer involves a countrys army only; it seems like the world could potentially be moving into a second nuclear age. The progress between offensive and defensive warfare has also changed since the middle of the 19th century; however it seems to have followed a regular pattern. Pre 19th century cavalry wars were largely offensive wars, with attacks on foot and high casualties; the first World War consisted of mainly defence tactics like building extensive trenches; the second World War was again offensive, with air warfare bombing campaigns; the evolution of nuclear arms is largely as a defence mechanism, for example the concept of Mutually Assured Destruction; and recent wars such as the US attacks on Iraq and Afghanistan have been mostly offensive bombing campaigns. Another factor to consider of how warfare has changed is how the world is not entirely a multi-polar earth; recently, it seems like a potentially unstable combination of unifying centripetal and separating centrifugal forces struggling over the periphery. In addition, the threat of non state actors has also changed warfare; until recently, the enemy could be located in one state, however the main problem for western democracies in international relations today is the threat of terrorism, with the Al Quaida network appearing all over the world. This creates the problem of not knowing where to attack, and counties such as America attacking countries like Afghanistan just because they believe they were harbouring terrorists after the September the 11th attacks. It is likely that warfare technology will advance in the future despite the disarmament issue over the past few decades. While superpower countries like the United States continue with their arms building, refuse to ratify the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty or participate in talks regarding the Antiballistic Missile Treaty in June, and continue to own 95% of the 31,000-plus nuclear weapons along with Russia6, the Doomsday Clock might actually reach midnight. After World War One, Sir Edward Grey said that the horrors of the Great War would make it possible for states to find as least one common ground on which they should come together in confident understanding: an agreement that, in the disputes between them, war must be ruled out as a means of settlement that entails ruin7. Obviously, this idea seems much too idealistic when we look back at the technological advancements in warfare since World War One, which can maybe suggest that states will always dispute and technology will always adva nce the terrifying thought of a future super-war is very possible. BIBLIOGRAPHY Buzan, Barry, Strategic Studies: Military Technology and International Relations, London: Macmillan, 1987 Freedman, Lawrence, The Evolution of Nuclear Strategy, London: Macmillan, 1989 Goldstein, Joshua, International Relations, New York: Longman, 1999 Gray, Colin, The Second Nuclear Age, Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 1999 Waltz, Kenneth, Man, the State and War, New York: Colombia University Press, 1959 www.thebulletin.org 1 Buzan, Barry, Strategic Studies: Military Technology and International Relations, London: Macmillan, 1987 2 http://www.phoenixpress.co.uk/articles/events/somme-battle-of-pp.asp 3 Freedman, Lawrence, The Evolution of Nuclear Strategy, London: Macmillan, 1989, p4 4 Steiner, Barry, Arms Races, Diplomacy and Recurring Behaviour: Lessons from Two Cases, Beverly Hills: Sage, 1973 5 Rathjens, G. W., The Dynamics of the Arms Race, in Herbert York (ed.), Arms Control, San Francisco: Freeman, 1973 6 www.thebulletin.org 7 Grey, Edward, Twenty Five Years, New York: Frederick A Stokes Co., 1925, p285

Dantes Inferno Essay example -- Dante Inferno Essays

Dante's Inferno It was sometime in the middle of the 17th century that British cleric Thomas Fuller wrote, "He that falls into sin is a man; that grieves at it, is a saint; that boasteth of it, is a devil." If Fuller was right, where does one place Dante, the pilgrim who bravely wandered where no man had wandered before? Certainly, the sojourner precisely written by the poet of the same name was a man. Certainly, also, he repented his sinful ways (how could one not after braving not only the depths of Hell but later the stretches of Purgatory and the "many waters" of Heaven?), but he was no saint. Indeed, Inferno itself can be easily construed as a boast of sorts—made it through hell, met Lucifer, bought the t-shirt. But in reality, the book is much more subtle, and the journey much more enlightening to readers as one watches Dante, an Everyman if ever there was one, change his thought processes even as foot passes foot on his journey downward. When examining just what type of man Dante the poet was, it's important to note the society of the times. To be from Italy†¦or, even more specifically, from Florence†¦was an important distinction. Even today, Italy is a center of religion. In 1330, Italy was not only a Catholic Mecca but a republican haven. Dante the poet was not the only citizen of the city to gain distinction—Michelangelo, Raphael, and da Vinci all proudly added "Florentine" under their signatures. Additionally, Pope Gregory XI would find the city sinful enough to excommunicate the entire place forty-six short years later. Living in such a tumultuous and dynamic atmosphere, it was no wonder that Dante the poet, already in exile, would place his literary counterpart (for clearly the pilgrim is ss otherwise specified... ...e progress of the pilgrim from a sinner, sympathetic even to those condemned by God, to that of a saint of sorts, vindictive and scornful of the enemies of the church. The presence of the two further episodes of Dante the poet's Divine Comedy (Purgatorio and Paradiso) indicates that the pilgrim's spiritual education is not complete, but he has learned a great deal throughout his journey throughout hell—arising from the subterranean with less moral confusion and a greater sense of God-fearing reverence. For 14th century Italy, the alternative was more than a personality flaw†¦it was a stigma. The poet, alone and in exile, had taken truly to heart and to paper the words that his Romantic counterpart Percy Shelley (a man who would be called to Italy himself time and time again) would write nearly 500 years later: "The great instrument of moral good is the imagination."

Four Principles Essay

Community corrections are â€Å"non-prison sanctions that are imposed on convicted adults or adjudicated juveniles either by a court instead of a prison sentence or by a parole board following release from prison.† (Joan Petersilia Para. 1) There are four general principles of effective intervention that have become organizing concepts of community corrections in what has become known as the â€Å"what works† movement. In this paragraph I will describe all four of the general principles of effective intervention, risk principle, criminogenic need principle, treatment principle, and fidelity principle, and the way they work. The first of the four principles of effective intervention is risk principle. Risk principle tells us that intervention programs should use a mix of cognitive and behavioral strategies (Wright, 2012.) This is saying that the intervention should target high risk offenders, to prevent them from reoffending. Research has proved that targeting high risk offenders works more often then targeting low risk offenders. Certain offenses are considered low risk and others high. That is what qualifies you as a low and high risk offender by what offense you committed the first time. Moreover, research also shows that targeting low-risk offenders with intensive treatment can actually increase their reoffending (Latessa, 2010). That is why within the four principles it does not target low right offenders. I agree with this system completely, we should pay more attention to the more serious offenders, because if they did a serious offense in the first place, they will do it again, and we  must tar get these people to try and stop them. According to Gendra and Paparozzi with Corrections Today, â€Å"When Robert Martinson predicted some 20 years ago that the new epoch in corrections would focus on punishment, many of us who were working in the system at that time did not realize how prescient he was. Today, the U.S. corrections system relies on the threat of punishment to bring about law-abiding behavior. Evidence of this can be seen in the proliferation of intensive supervision programs (ISPs), boot camps, shock incarceration and people’s prisons.† (Gendreau, P., & Paparozzi, M. A., 1995) I know that this intervention works because I have been to boot camp myself, and as they call it the â€Å"scare tactic† it really does work. When you do something incorrect or not to standards in the military they will scare soldiers with punishment, the reason it scares the soldiers is because they know that they will go through with the punishment because they have been punished before. The second of the four principles of effective intervention is ciminogenic need principle. Criminogenic need principle posits that intervention programs must focus on change factors related to the offender’s antisocial conduct. Some of the important factors to target include antisocial values and attitudes, substance abuse, antisocial peers, dysfunctional families, and poor decision-making and problem-solving skills. â€Å"Unfortunately many intervention programs target factors that have little or nothing to do with an individual’s current criminal behavior.† (Wright, F  2012) When going up in a dysfunctional family, you learn that it is acceptable to be that way. When gang member have children , their children grow up thinking that what their parent is doing is acceptable, so when they get to the age that they can make their own decisions, they do what they grew up knowing, gang banging. On the contrary an example I am going to bring up the incident that happened in Connecticut a couple days ago. The killer did not have a dysfunctional family, but the old babysitter had reported that when she would watch him his mother would say to never take her eye off of him, even when going to the bathroom which can form a theory that he had always acted up in odd ways. The third of the four principles of  effective intervention is the treatment principle. The treatment principle tells us that intervention programs should use a mix of cognitive and behavioral strategies. As John Wright states, â€Å"Cognitive approaches confront the way offenders think, their criminal values and attitudes, and their decision making. Behavioral approaches, by contrast, seek to model, reward, and reinforce prosocial behavior. Numerous studies show that cognitive-behavioral strategies work better than other intervention strategies for offenders, including nondirective talk therapy and psychoanalytic approaches. Nondirective approaches do not tend to work with most offenders because they are usually concrete in their thinking and not always able to think rationally.† (J. Wright, 2012) When you are in prison, if you do not get into trouble they will send you to a work camp, which gives you more privileges than the average prisoner. When you get in trouble in prison, they will take away any little privileges that you do have, that would be an example of behavioral approaches. An example of a cognitive approach would be to have a criminal in therapy, with a physiological expert who would know how to pick the offenders brain to figure out the way they think then question them on the reason they think like that. The fourth and last principle of effective intervention is the fidelity principle. The fidelity principle is in affect to make it so that the other three principles are being held to the standard. â€Å"Some individuals should never work with offenders. When they do they often reinforce criminal thinking patterns and antisocial behavior† (J. Wright 2012). The people that work with these offenders must be one hundred percent qualified, and well as have proven positive results of their work or else their job in this intervention is useless. The working will just cause the offenders to get worst. All the jobs within the intervention are important because if everyone is not doing their part within the program then the results from the program will not look effective. These four principles have been proven to be effective and I believe that if we continue to use it, that we will avoid many offenders from have a second  offense and keep the crime rate down within our country. In this essay you have learned all four of the principles effective in the community corrections, risk principle, crimongenic  need principle, treatment principle, and fidelity principle, and the roles that they play within the intervention. References Beeler, A. (2007). What works in corrections: Reducing the criminal activities of offenders and delinquents. Corrections Compendium, 32(2), 36-36. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/211806856?accountid=32521 Gendreau, P., & Paparozzi, M. A. (1995). Examining what works in community corrections. Corrections Today, 57(1), 28-28. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/215705816?accountid=32521 Petersilia, J (November 2007) What Works In Community Corrections, The PEW Center of the States. Retrieved by http://www.pewtrusts.org Wright, J (2012) What Works In Changing Offenders? Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/books/AUCRJ201.12.1